Preheat the oven to 350℉ and spray a 9x13-inch casserole dish with cooking spray. Set aside.
Heat the avocado oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat.
Add the ground breakfast sausage and break it apart with a spatula. Cook for 6–7 minutes, until it is lightly browned but still slightly pink; it will finish cooking in the casserole.
Add the onion and red bell pepper. Cook for 3–4 minutes, until the vegetables are softened.
Transfer the sausage and vegetables to the prepared casserole dish and spread them into an even layer.
Add the eggs, heavy cream, sour cream, salt, and black pepper to a large bowl. Whisk until completely combined.
Stir 1½ cups of the shredded cheddar into the egg mixture. Pour the mixture over the sausage and vegetables in the casserole dish.
Bake for 30 minutes. Sprinkle the remaining ½ cup cheddar over the top, then bake for another 15–20 minutes, until the egg mixture in the very center is fully cooked with no wet or unset area. If the top begins to brown before the center is done, loosely tent the dish with foil.
Remove the casserole from the oven and let it cool slightly, until it slices cleanly. Cut into 12 slices and serve.